Research on the Mobilization and/or (conscripted) Soldiers
Introduction:
The article for the month of February focuses on conducting research on the mobilization and/or (conscripted) soldiers. In this article, I will explain step by step how to approach this research and which sources are useful for it.
Step 1: Define Your Research Topic
First and foremost, it is very important to determine your research topic. You might want to research the mobilization in a specific municipality or region, or you may be looking for information about a military ancestor. It is crucial to clearly define what your research will focus on before you begin.
Step 2: Write Down What You Already Know
Write down everything you already know about your research topic. For example, if you are researching a military ancestor, you might know his regiment number or the location where he was stationed. You may have heard stories from that period. Note this information down in bullet points, so you have a solid starting point for further research.
Step 3: Helpful Secondary Sources
Next, it is important to search for secondary source material that can help your research. This provides more context about the period, and you might discover something relevant. Secondary sources are works about an (original) source. These can include websites, books, and journal articles. These (secondary) sources are often written by local, military, amateur, regional, and/or national historians.
Based on your research topic (Step 1) and the information you have noted (Step 2), you will search for relevant secondary sources. For instance, if you are researching the mobilization in the municipality of Assen, it is essential to find out which specific books, websites, or journal articles are available about the mobilization in Assen. In addition, there are general sources about the mobilization period that might be useful. Below are some of these sources shared.
Useful Websites:
- De Slag om de Grebbeberg en de Betuwestelling in mei 1940, https://www.grebbeberg.nl/.
- De Strijd om Westervoort, https://www.westervoort1940.nl/.
- War over Holland, http://www.waroverholland.nl/.
- Stelling van Amsterdam, https://www.stelling-amsterdam.nl/index.php.
- Traces of War, https://www.tracesofwar.nl/default.asp.
- Vrijwillige Landstorm, https://vrijwilligelandstorm.nl/.
- Forten, https://forten.nl/.
- Grebbelinie, https://grebbelinie.nl/.
Useful Journals:
- Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis, https://tijdschriftvoorgeschiedenis.org/.
- BMGN-Low Countries Historical Review, https://bmgn-lchr.nl/.
- Militaire Spectator, https://militairespectator.nl/.
- Historiek, https://historiek.net/.
- IsGeschiedenis, https://isgeschiedenis.nl/.
- Historisch Nieuwsblad, https://www.historischnieuwsblad.nl/.
Useful Books:
- Loe de Jong, Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog II, Neutraal (Den Haag 1969), https://www.niod.nl/publicaties/het-koninkrijk-der-nederlanden-in-de-tweede-wereldoorlog.
- Hans Bredewold en Jacob Zwaan, 1940, De mei-oorlog: De Duitse Pinksterveldtocht tegen Nederland in Beeld (1975).
- Jacob Zwaan, De mobilisatiemaanden 1939-1940: beelden uit de mobilisatie van 29 augustus 1939 tot 9 mei 1940 en de voormobilisaties van 27 september 1938 tot 28 augustus 1939 (1979).
- Luc de Vos, Mobilisatie in Nederland en Belgie: 1870, 1914, 1939 (1991).
- P.L.G. Doorman, Military Operations of the Dutch Army, 10th-17th May 1940 (Solihull 2005), https://www.google.nl/books/edition/Military_Operations_of_the_Dutch_Army_10/yOK0p46yeHYC?hl=nl&gbpv=0.
- Herman Amersfoort en Piet Kamphuis, May 1940: The Battle of the Netherlands (Leiden 2010), https://www.google.nl/books/edition/May_1940/wd55DwAAQBAJ?hl=nl&gbpv=0.
- Rob Tas, Jan Giesbers, Antal Giesbers, Holland Paraat 1, materieel van het Nederlandse Leger / Equipment of the Dutch Army 1939-1940 (2011).
- Herman Amersfoort en Piet Kamphuis, Mei 1940: De strijd op Nederlands grondgebied (Leiden 2012).
- Rein Bijkerk, Een Korte Oorlog: De slag om Nederland in mei 1940 (Wijk bij Duurstede 2015), https://www.google.nl/books/edition/Een_korte_oorlog/IbN0CQAAQBAJ?hl=nl&gbpv=0.
- Wichtert Ten Have, 1940: Verwarring en Aanpassing (2015), https://www.google.nl/books/edition/1940/zctnBwAAQBAJ?hl=nl&gbpv=0.
- Rob Tas, Jan Giesbers, Antal Giesbers, Holland Paraat 2, Pantserwagens en Tanks van het Nederlandse leger 1914-1943 (2016).
- Gerard Groeneveld, Nach Holland: de meidagen van 1940 door Duitse ogen (2018).
- Eelco Beukers e.a., De Bosatlas van de Tweede Wereldoorlog (2020 Groningen).
- Peter Steeman, De luchtoorlog van mei 1940 (2024).
Step 4. National
After you have gathered information, it is important to consult primary source material as well. Primary source material refers to the original source itself.
Based on your research topic (step 1) and the data you have noted (step 2), you will now search for primary source material that may be useful for your research. It is possible that you found information in the secondary source material (step 3) that can assist you in this search.
There are various national archives, institutions, historical projects, and museums where you can find more information about your topic and consult primary source material. In addition, several websites offer step-by-step guides for researching military ancestors. Below are some of these resources shared:
Step-by-step plan for researching military ancestors:
- Nederlands Instituut voor Militaire Geschiedenis (NIMH)
- Militaire voorouders, https://www.nimh.nl/zelf-onderzoek-doen/militaire-voorouders.
- Centrum voor Familiegeschiedenis (CBG)
- Militaire voorouders, https://cbg.nl/kennis/themas/militaire-voorouders/.
- Nationaal Archief
- Militairen en marinepersoneel, https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/zoekhulpen/militairen-en-marinepersoneel.
- Militairen: Onderofficieren en soldaten landmacht Nederland, 1813-1940, https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/zoekhulpen/militairen-onderofficieren-en-soldaten-landmacht-nederland-1813-1940.
Useful Archives:
- Nationaal Archief, https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/.
- Officiële bekendmakingen, https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/uitgebreidzoeken/historisch.
- Repositories Documentatiecentrum Nederlandse Politieke Partijen (DNPP), https://dnpprepo.ub.rug.nl/.
- Instituut voor Oorlogs-, Holocaust- en Genocidestudies (NIOD), https://www.niod.nl/.
- Nederlands Instituut voor Militaire Historie (NIMH), https://www.nimh.nl/.
- Delpher, https://www.delpher.nl/.
- Digibron, https://www.digibron.nl/.
- Archieven, https://www.archieven.nl/nl/.
- Open Archieven, https://www.openarchieven.nl/.
- BeeldbankWO2, https://beeldbankwo2.nl/nl/.
- Het Geheugen, https://geheugen.delpher.nl/nl.
- Open Beelden, https://www.openbeelden.nl/.
- Beeld & Geluid, https://www.beeldengeluid.nl/.
- Reclame Arsenaal, https://www.reclamearsenaal.nl/.
Museums:
- Nationaal Militair Museum, https://www.nmm.nl/nl/.
- Marine Museum, https://www.marinemuseum.nl/nl/.
- Mariniers Museum, https://www.mariniersmuseum.nl/nl/.
- Weest op Uw Hoede, https://weestopuwhoede.nl/.
- Kazemattenmuseum, https://www.kazemattenmuseum.nl/.
- Ergens in Nederland 1939-1945, https://www.ergensinnederland1939-1945.nl/home.
- Grebbelinie, https://grebbeliniebezoekerscentrum.nl/.
- Museum School, https://www.ridderkerk.nl/direct-regelen/evenementen-recreatie/cultuur/museumschool/.
- Mobilisatie Museum in tijd van oorlog, https://www.facebook.com/bertjansmuseum.
Useful Historic Projects:
- Krijgsgevangen, https://krijgsgevangen.nl/.
- Oorlogsbronnen, https://www.oorlogsbronnen.nl/.
- Veteranen Vertellen, https://www.veteranenvertellen.nl/.
- Troonredes, https://troonredes.nl/.
Useful Institutions:
- WO2net, https://www.wo2net.nl/.
- Oorlogsgraven Stichting, https://oorlogsgravenstichting.nl/.
- Sprekende Geschiedenis, https://sprekendegeschiedenis.nl/.
- Huyens instituut, https://www.huygens.knaw.nl/
- Historici, https://www.historici.nl/.
- Koninklijk Nederlands Historisch Genootschap (KNHG), https://knhg.nl/.
Step 5. Provincial, Regional & Local
It is also important to look for provincial, regional, and local archives/museums. In addition, there are many local historical associations in the Netherlands that also have primary sources. Below you will find some links that may help you further (though a Google search will also yield many results):
Useful Links:
- KIA Community: Archiefkaart, https://kiacommunity.nl/groups/135-archievenkaart-nederland/welcome.
- Nationaal Archief: Archieven in Nederland, https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/archiveren/kennisbank/archieven-in-nederland.
- Nederlands Genealogische Vereniging: Archieven in Nederland, https://www.ngv-afdelingen.nl/asd/archieven-in-nederland/.
Step 6. Experts
If your research is progressing slowly, I recommend presenting your question or issue in the following Facebook group. This group consists of various members with extensive knowledge about the Dutch army before 1940, including the mobilization period (1939-1940). Feel free to ask your question there, and you may find the answer you’re looking for.
Facebook Group:
- Nederlandse Leger voor 1940, https://www.facebook.com/groups/2490569254504617/.
